Gaza Humanitarian Response | Situation Report No. 7

28 Oct 2025

This daily report outlines UN and partners’ efforts and progress in scaling up the humanitarian response across the Gaza Strip under the ceasefire agreement that entered into effect on 10 October 2025. For all situation reports see here.

HIGHLIGHTS

Israeli airstrikes carried out across the Gaza Strip following a reported attack on Israeli troops beyond the “Yellow Line” resulted in casualties.
The re-routing of all humanitarian and commercial truck movements via the Philadelphi Corridor/Coastal Road continues to limit the UN and partners’ ability to bring in the required volumes of aid.
Hygiene items have been distributed to 7,600 school-aged children across two schools and 16 Temporary Learning Spaces (TLS) in Deir al Balah and Khan Younis. 1,440 available handwashing stations are also being installed in shelters, child-friendly spaces, and TLSs to mitigate the spread of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related diseases.

SITUATION OVERVIEW

On the evening of 28 October, Israeli airstrikes were conducted across the Gaza Strip. These followed a reported attack on Israeli troops beyond the Yellow Line in Rafah in which a soldier was killed, and the result of forensic tests which revealed that the remains handed over by Hamas on 27 October did not belong to one of the 13 deceased Israeli hostages still in the Strip. Both were cited as alleged violations of the ceasefire.

According to the latest update by the Ministry of Health as of the morning of 29 October (11:26 local time), over 100 Palestinians, including women and children, have been killed and over 250 injured in the airstrikes.**

On 27 October, Site Management partners observed over 12,700 new movements across the Gaza Strip, bringing the total recorded since 10 October to more than 611,600. Eighty percent of the movements were from southern to northern Gaza. Fatal incidents have been reported as returnees attempt to clear rubble from damaged homes in the north, underscoring the urgent need for emergency shelter materials to provide families with a safe alternative.

UNITED NATIONS-COORDINATED HUMANITARIAN AID ENTRY^*

UN and partner truck offloads and collections - 27 October

According to preliminary information by the Logistics Cluster, on 27 October 153 UN and partner trucks were offloaded at the Kerem Shalom crossing. More than half (51 per cent) of all offloaded trucks carried food assistance.

Also on 27 October, at least 52 United Nations-coordinated trucks with 849 pallets of aid were uplifted from the crossing for distribution inside the Strip. These contained 372 pallets of ready-to-eat rations, 211 pallets of health supplies, including gauze and medical equipment, 172 pallets of hygiene kits, and 93 of tarps, alongside 355,000 litres of fuel.

Trucks manifested and collected (preliminary) - 28 October

For 28 October, 177 UN and partner trucks were manifested for entry via Kerem Shalom. Though comprehensive data for aid cargo collection is not available yet, at least 17 trucks with tarpaulins, winter clothes, hygiene kits, medicines, medical consumables, and MMR, IPV and Rota vaccines were collected from Kerem Shalom, alongside five fuel trucks with 204,000 liters of diesel. A food aid collection mission also took place, with details pending.

For the second consecutive day, humanitarian partners had to limit aid cargo collections due to high congestion of both humanitarian and commercial trucks on the narrow Coastal Road. A large hole in the road further slowed down movements but has now been repaired by the UN World Food Programme.

HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE

Food Security

As of 27 October, around 130,000 two-kilogram bread bundles continued to be produced daily at the nine UN-supported bakeries in Deir al Balah and Khan Younis and the six that resumed operations in Gaza city on 23 October. Beyond free distribution by partners across hundreds of community sites, kitchens and shelters, the number of contracted retailers selling the bread at a subsidized price of 3 NIS per bundle has now doubled from 20 to 43 to expand coverage and support the resumption of markets across the Strip.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene

Across the Gaza Strip, 39 WASH Cluster partners are collectively delivering up to 17,000 cubic metres of drinking water per day through 1,885 water points.
A total of 1,440 handwashing stations were collected into Gaza and are currently being installed in shelters, child-friendly and temporary learning spaces. These facilities are intended to promote hand hygiene and reduce the spread of WASH-related diseases.

Protection

Protection partners are actively operating in the Deir al Balah and Khan Younis governorates, including in Al-Zawayda, Al-Nuseirat and Al-Mawasi, with operations in Gaza city and North Gaza under progressive reactivation. One major center in Gaza city has already resumed full-service delivery, while a partner completed site assessments in preparation for expanding protection activities in Al-Yarmouk Camp and other northern displacement sites.
On 28 October, the Gender-Based Violence (GBV) and Child Protection Areas of Responsibility (AoRs) took part in an inter-agency rapid assessment mission at two severely affected sites in Khan Younis. Key findings include the lack of GBV services and hygiene materials; rising fears of early/forced marriage among adolescent girls, and reports of domestic violence with no access to confidential support. The findings will guide mobile service delivery and scale-up of GBV interventions. Children exhibited acute psychological distress, with no access to education or safe spaces; urgent child protection interventions are required, including psychosocial support, life skills programming, and the establishment of safe environments for peer interaction and structured social activities.
Gender-Based Violence (GBV):
- GBV partners reached 512 women and girls with psychosocial support and Psychological First Aid (PFA) sessions, 12 women with legal awareness and counselling on family law, inheritance rights, domestic violence, and early marriage, and 712 people with community-based GBV prevention messaging.
- Partners distributed 478 menstrual hygiene management kits within Women and Girls Safe Spaces to mitigate health and dignity-related protection risks.
Child Protection:
- On 27 October, Child Protection partners reached 1,500 children and 700 caregivers with mental health and psychosocial support activities and awareness sessions on child protection risks, services and practical steps to prevent family separation during displacement.
- Over 550 highly vulnerable households, identified through the child protection case management process, were referred for family tent support.
Mine Action:
- Mine Action partners conducted four Explosive Hazard Assessments and supported two inter-agency missions by providing technical expertise on exploded ordnance risks.
- Explosive ordnance risk education reached 1,706 people across Gaza city, Deir al Balah and Khan Younis.

Shelter

A total of 250 tents and 1,475 shelter kits, including tarpaulins, thermal blankets, jerrycans and hygiene supplies, were distributed across three sites in Khan Younis, targeting recently displaced households with no form of shelter.
Forty protection referral cases across the Gaza Strip were supported with tents.
Shelter Cluster partners received nearly 40,000 tarpaulins and 7,400 thermal blankets on 26 and 27 October. Assessments are ongoing to prioritize the most vulnerable households, and distributions are planned to begin next week.

Education

Partners distributed hygiene items to 7,600 school-aged children across two Palestinian Authority schools and 16 partner-supported TLS located in Deir al Balah and Khan Younis.
Three TLS have reopened in the northern Al Rimal neighbourhood of Gaza city, providing learning opportunities for 833 children. The lack of teaching and learning materials, however, continues to hinder effective education delivery and a more rapid scale up of TLS, with hundreds of thousands of children remaining unable to enroll.

Fuel

On 28 October, UNOPS distributed 209,864 litres of fuel to partners, of which approximately 180,364 in the south and 29,500 in the north, to support critical WASH, health, food security, logistics, rubble removal, telecommunications, education and protection operations.

* All figures solely refer to UN and partner assistance dispatched through the UN-coordinated system, are preliminary and will be reconciled in the course of the ceasefire. Trucks entering through bilateral donations and the commercial sector are not reflected.

* Double asterisks indicate that a figure, sentence, or section has been rectified, added, or retracted after the initial publication of this update.