Humanitarian Situation Report | 2 October 2026 | United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

05 Oct 2026

Highlights

In Gaza, daily hot meal production and monthly household-level parcel distributions will shrink significantly from October onwards due to funding shortfalls, the Food Security Sector warns.
Over 13 per cent of Gaza’s population lives in flood-prone displacement sites or unsafe buildings; about 279,000 people are sheltering in 400 flood-prone displacement sites and over 2,300 in unsafe buildings requiring demolition.
Funding shortfalls and restrictions on the entry of engine oil, spare parts and equipment continue to pose challenges, reducing desalination in southern Gaza and forcing reliance on donkey carts and UN trucks for solid waste collection.
In the West Bank, demolitions displaced 55 Palestinians, including 32 children, in Jinba on 23 September. In September, homes and other structures in three other Masafer Yatta communities were almost entirely demolished.
More than 100 Israeli settlers damaged properties in Jalud (Nablus), thwarting an attempt by Israeli forces to bring a Palestinian family back home under a court order; the family remained displaced.
Settler violence and access restrictions disrupted education in Hebron and Tubas, leading seven children to relocate and two to drop out in Qawawis, while seven children in Khirbet ar Ras al Ahmar remained without access to in-person education.

Overview

Briefing the Security Council on 28 September, the Acting Special Coordinator for the Middle East Peace Process, Deputy Special Coordinator, UN Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator Ramiz Alakbarov described the situation in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

Dr. Alakbarov said that the Israeli authorities continued to withhold from the Palestinian authorities some US$6 billion in clearance revenues. “The Palestinian Authority is unable to deliver basic services, sustain social protection, or pay full salaries to civil servants and security personnel,” he said.

In the Gaza Strip, he noted daily airstrikes in densely populated areas. Despite increased supplies of food and sanitary items in recent months, he warned that “the health situation remains critical,” adding that “infectious diseases remain widespread amid overcrowded displacement sites and inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene conditions, while shortages of medical supplies, fuel and the overall humanitarian response are compounded by funding shortfalls.” Dr. Alakbarov said that “restrictions on the entry of critical humanitarian items continue to impede the scale-up of the humanitarian response,” including preparations for the rainy season.

Regarding the West Bank, he spoke about people being exposed to unprecedented levels of settler violence and to continued demolitions and home evictions. He highlighted concerns that Palestinians in some areas are being encircled, resulting in restrictions on their access to farmland and open space. In particular, he highlighted the recent full depopulation of three Palestinian communities following sustained settler violence and the case of three families in Qusra who “have been effectively confined to their homes without adequate supplies and systematically harassed and intimidated since 9 August amid continued presence of Israeli settlers and Israeli forces.” He acknowledged measures by Israeli officials to prosecute several perpetrators but said the vast majority had not been held accountable.

Gaza Strip

The reporting period for this section is 21 to 27 September unless otherwise specified.

As the cold and rainy season approaches, humanitarian partners are intensifying efforts to mitigate flood and other weather-related hazards across Gaza, including for people in displacement sites, damaged shelters and unsafe buildings. Among other activities, they are unblocking drainage, reinforcing shelter, and fixing critical water and sanitation infrastructure. They also continue to assess sites, map risks, and identify places to which people could voluntarily relocate. However, these efforts continue to be constrained by insecurity, funding shortfalls, and restrictions on accessing land as well as on importing critical materials, equipment and supplies.

Funding shortages are increasingly affecting the entire humanitarian effort. For example, food security partners warn that, starting in October, underfunding will significantly reduce daily cooked meal production and monthly household food parcel distribution.

According to the Ministry of Health in Gaza, which operates under the de facto authorities, 29 Palestinians were reported killed, including those who died of wounds and had their bodies retrieved from under the rubble, and 147 people were injured between 23 and 30 September. These figures bring the overall reported casualty toll since the announcement of a ceasefire agreement on 10 October 2025 to 1,431 fatalities and 5,026 injuries, according to MoH. Another 81 fatalities were retroactively added to the total number after their identification details were approved by MoH.

A Palestinian boy receiving rehabilitation services in northern Gaza through support from the World Health Organization and the OCHA-managed Occupied Palestinian Territory Humanitarian Fund. Photo by WHO

Preparing for the Rainy Season

Ahead of the winter, the Site Management Cluster (SMC) has assessed over 400 displacement sites across the Gaza Strip and identified 217 as being at medium to high risk of flooding; together, these sites host approximately 235,000 people. Additionally, preliminary estimates by the Shelter Cluster indicate that more than 4,000 unsafe buildings across Gaza require full or partial demolition, yet over 2,300 of these structures remain inhabited, sheltering nearly 44,000 people. Combined, these account for over 13 per cent of Gaza’s population.

Flood risk is highest in low-lying terrain, near shorelines and lagoons, and where drainage systems are blocked. Assessment findings are informing the installation of sandbags, drainage clearance, shelter elevation, ground levelling, debris removal and the deployment of water pumps, among other measures.

Partners are also carrying out cleaning and rehabilitation works, including the reshaping of drainage channels, in Wadi Salqa area of Deir al Balah and another wadi in An Nasser area of Gaza city, both of which are prone to flooding. They are repairing sewage pump stations and stormwater networks in Gaza city to increase capacity and to better separate sewage from surface water systems.

In parallel, through coordinated inter-cluster efforts led by SMC, partners are assessing potential sites for safe voluntary relocation. However, before relocation can take place at scale, several critical requirements must be addressed, including explosive ordnance assessment and clearance, ground levelling of sandy terrain, installation of drainage systems, provision of water and lighting, improvement of access roads, and resolution of land ownership and tenure issues. Beyond ongoing restrictions on the entry of critical supplies and equipment, restrictions on access to 65 per cent of Gaza’s land are still a key obstacle, as the remaining 35 per cent is already overcrowded.

Health Cluster partners have finished preparing guidance materials on respiratory triage and screening, printing 500 posters for placement at health facility entrances. Partners have also established multidisciplinary teams to strengthen hygiene and infection-control measures in 10 priority health facilities and distributed related supplies, including disinfectants, hand-hygiene products, sterilization materials and personal protective equipment. As of 26 September, communicable diseases accounted for 19 per cent of the over 280,000 health consultations conducted by partners over the week, with acute respiratory infections remaining the leading reported condition (54 per cent of all disease cases), followed by skin infections, including ectoparasitic infestations, impetigo and chickenpox (26 per cent) and acute watery diarrhoea (20 per cent).

Shortages of essential medicines and medical supplies remain a significant operational concern, particularly for trauma and wound care, infection prevention and control and treatment of non-communicable diseases, alongside antibiotics for adult patients. Several health facilities lack functioning chlorination systems, with access constraints and shortages of chlorine, essential WASH supplies and spare parts delaying repairs and prolonging service disruptions. Generator shutdowns associated with severe lubricant oil shortages also continue to affect health-care service delivery.

Water, Sanitation and Operational Constraints

Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services continue to face significant operational constraints across Gaza due to funding shortfalls and restrictions on the entry of critical supplies, including engine oil, spare parts and electro-mechanical equipment.

These shortages have left vehicles and machinery used for solid waste collection and transfer largely grounded, forcing services to rely on donkey carts and UN trucks. The Israeli authorities are still banning the access to Gaza’s sanitary landfills near the “Green Line” despite intensive negotiations.

At the same time, water production from the two seawater desalination plants in southern Gaza has fallen to its lowest output levels due to the lack of spare parts and equipment, raising concerns over drinking water supplies for approximately 500,000 people in Deir al Balah and Khan Younis. Water trucking remains a critical lifeline, with 68 agencies continuing to deliver an average of 24,995 cubic metres of drinking water per day through 3,199 collection points. The WASH Cluster estimates that 74 per cent of the population currently relies on trucked drinking water.

During the reporting period, partners distributed 218 household-level latrines and handwashing stations, 64 assisted access add-ons for latrines and 200 slabs for self-built family latrines, six bladder tanks, alongside 12,175 water containers with a 10-litre capacity each, 568 household-level hygiene kits, and a range of household cleaning supplies, including 11,800 garbage bags, 318 garbage bins, 878 brooms, 424 dustpans and 256 rakes, 6,480 sponges, 4,756 dusters, 1,296 litres of bleach, 3,000 litres of dishwashing soap, 3,200 gloves and 1,400 facemasks to support displaced communities across Gaza.

Incoming Supplies

Based on data collected through the Logistics Cluster, the UN and partners' aid offloading rate at Kerem Shalom Crossing increased from 52 to 88 per cent in the reporting period, following the sharp decline throughout September, after this indicator had reached 86 per cent at the end of August. The Egyptian corridor continued to record the highest levels of truck returns and rejections, although its offloading rate improved significantly from 21 to 74 per cent. Offloading rates through the Jordan corridor remained at 100 per cent, while the Ashdod corridor improved to 94 per cent following the partial resolution of scanner-related issues.

On 23 September, the WASH Cluster brought caustic soda and antiscalant into Gaza. These chemicals, which are expected to last for one month, are critical for the operation and maintenance of desalination facilities, helping to prevent damage to reverse osmosis treatment membranes and ensuring the continued production of safe drinking water.

On the commercial front, data from the Gaza Chamber of Commerce, shared with the Cash Working Group, indicate that the private sector collected 788 commercial truckloads into the Gaza Strip between 21 and 27 September. This represents a 10 per cent reduction compared with the average of 871 truckloads collected over the previous four weeks. According to Cash Working Group market monitoring data, inflation remained high at an average of 204 per cent above pre-October 2023 levels in September. While the prices of most basic commodities, including sugar, rice and frozen chicken, remained relatively stable compared with the previous week, the cost of some fruits increased, with oranges and tomatoes for instance rising by 21 and five per cent respectively, while eggs, flour and cucumbers all saw notable price decreases.

Since the closure of the Zikim Crossing in northern Gaza on 24 May, Kerem Shalom has remained the only operational crossing point for cargo. This continues to expose market functionality to heightened vulnerability, as any disruption to cargo flows would likely have cascading effects on the availability of essential commodities across the Gaza Strip.

The UN is only able to confirm the entry of supplies tracked by UN 2720. For breakdowns of those, see the online UN 2720 Mechanism Dashboard.

For a detailed account of the latest humanitarian operations in Gaza, see Annex 1 below.

West Bank

The reporting period for this section is 22 to 28 September unless otherwise specified.

Humanitarian needs across the West Bank continued to be driven by settler violence, demolitions and movement restrictions, generating displacement and disrupting access to essential services and livelihoods. Israeli authorities demolished or sealed over 70 Palestinian-owned structures, displacing 93 people, including 55 children, while over 50 settler attacks resulted in casualties and/or damage to homes, agricultural assets, and essential infrastructure.

On 29 September, the ICRC called for urgent protection of civilians in the West Bank, highlighting the impact of escalating violence and movement restrictions on access to health care, education, homes and livelihoods. The ICRC noted that ambulances can face lengthy delays at checkpoints and roadblocks and recalled the responsibility of authorities to protect civilians from violence, including settler violence, and Israel’s obligations as the occupying power towards protected persons.

Humanitarian partners continued to respond to growing shelter, WASH and protection needs. Shelter Cluster partners reached about 170 households comprising some 720 people, primarily through shelter repairs, while psychosocial support was provided to 60 children across five Bedouin communities. During September, WASH partners responded to at least 24 incidents affecting water and sanitation infrastructure in the context of settler violence and demolitions. Partners continue to report that movement restrictions impede service delivery, including child protection and education-related interventions.

On 23 September, Israeli forces shot and killed a Palestinian man in Ramallah governorate after he carried out a vehicle-ramming attack at a checkpoint near Beit ‘Ur al Fauqa, seriously injuring an Israeli soldier. Following the incident, Israeli forces tightened movement restrictions across Ramallah governorate, closing key checkpoints, road gates and entrances to Palestinian communities, severely restricting the movement of thousands of Palestinians and impeding humanitarian access.

A total of 45 Palestinians, including three children and four women, were injured during the reporting period: 22 by Israeli forces during operations across the West Bank; and, 23 in the context of settler attacks.

A Palestinian sitting amid destruction following the demolition of 20 structures in Az Za'ayyem Bedouins community, Jerusalem. Photo by OCHA

Israeli authorities demolished or sealed 73 Palestinian-owned structures across the West Bank, including East Jerusalem: 60 for lacking Israeli-issued building permits, 12 pursuant to a military order, and one on punitive grounds. These incidents displaced 93 Palestinians, including 55 children, and otherwise affected 170 people.

In Jinba, one of the 13 Palestinian communities located within “Firing Zone 918” in Masafer Yatta, a 23 September demolition displaced eight families comprising 55 people, including 32 children, who remained in the community sheltering in caves. Following a multi-sectoral assessment, humanitarian partners provided emergency shelter, WASH and essential household assistance, as well as health, psychosocial and protection support.

Over the past 15 years, Israeli authorities have demolished about 400 structures across these communities in Masafer Yatta, displacing 969 Palestinians, some more than once. Nearly half of these structures were demolished since January 2025, including 151 during six mass demolition incidents: three in Khallet Athaba, and one each in Khallet at Tabban, Khirbet al Fakheit and Jinba. In the five weeks between 18 August and 23 September alone, demolitions displaced 122 Palestinians, including 62 children, across four communities in “Firing Zone 918.” On 18 August, Israeli authorities rejected a planning scheme submitted by Jinba residents while Jinba School remains under threat of demolition, potentially further disrupting children’s access to education.

A total of 53 settler attacks resulted in Palestinian casualties, property damage or both. Incidents included attacks on Palestinians and their homes in Nablus and Ramallah governorates, including arson and property damage, as well as attacks affecting agricultural land, trees and irrigation infrastructure across several governorates.

Impact of Access Restrictions and Settler Violence on Agricultural Livelihoods

Restrictions on access to agricultural land, recurrent settler attacks and the expansion of Israeli settlements and outposts continue to undermine Palestinian agricultural livelihoods across the West Bank. Ahead of the 2026 olive harvest, the Food Security Sector (FSS) identified restricted access to agricultural land, settler attacks against farmers, crop theft, destruction of trees and agricultural infrastructure, and rising agricultural input costs among the main challenges facing farming households. These pressures come amid broader economic deterioration: according to WFP, 76 per cent of West Bank households reported declining incomes in the first quarter of 2026 and more than 60 per cent struggled to cover their monthly expenses, with livelihood losses linked in part to movement and permit restrictions and increased settler violence.

According to FSS data for the second quarter of 2026, partners implemented about 3,700 emergency agricultural interventions for affected households, including around 1,700 emergency fodder distributions, support for cultivation on cropland in 1,600 cases, rehabilitation of 270 animal shelters, support for 60 home gardens and 20 greenhouses, 20 livestock and poultry distributions, and one animal health activity, including veterinary kits. In parallel, FSS partners provided around 400,000 food assistance responses through food parcels and cash-based assistance for food, including vouchers. Partners also supported food-system recovery through rehabilitation of irrigation networks, wells and springs; restoration of agricultural land and other productive assets; provision of fodder-production inputs; cash-based support; and assistance to agricultural cooperatives.

Funding

Sources: Financial Tracking System and oPt HFas of 30 September 2026.

Annexes

Annex 1: Humanitarian Operations in the Gaza Strip by Cluster

The reporting period for this section is 14 to 20 September unless otherwise specified.

Intersectoral support

Partners provided emergency assistance through the Rapid Joint Distribution Mechanism to 17 households affected by 11 incidents reported by communities and site representatives across the Gaza Strip. The incidents included six accidental fires, two airstrikes and one flooding event. Assistance was prioritized according to the assessed level of need, type of incident, and severity of damage.

Food Security

In September, partners provided in-kind food assistance to 220,000 households (more than 840,000 people) through 35 distribution points. Each family received one parcel and one 25-kilogram flour bag, covering about 50 per cent of minimum caloric needs.
As of 24 September, 25 partners prepared 695,000 meals every day through 103 kitchens, delivering them across 1,145 locations. Since May, meal production levels have remained largely stable.
As of 29 September, about 90,000 two-kilogram bread bundles continued to be baked daily by 22 bakeries subsidized by partners across Gaza. About 70 per cent of this bread is sold through 159 contracted retailers at a subsidized price of 3 NIS ($0.93) per bundle, while the remaining 30 per cent is distributed free of charge to more than 300 shelters and community sites. In addition, through the “fuel-only” production model, 18 private bakeries are receiving free fuel from humanitarian partners to produce and sell bread for the community. While managing their operations independently, these bakeries have been steadily scaling up their production, baking more than 65 metric tonnes of bread per day.

Nutrition

During the first half of September, partners screened 31,443 children between the ages of 6 and 59 months, out of whom 899 (three per cent) were diagnosed with acute malnutrition and admitted for treatment. This includes 99 children (0.31 per cent) with the most severe malnutrition form. In addition, five severely malnourished children between the age of 6 and 59 months with medical complications compounding malnourishment were admitted for inpatient care in stabilization centres, alongside one infant of less than six months who was at risk of poor growth and development.
During the same period, 18,154 pregnant and breastfeeding women (PBWs) were screened for acute malnutrition, with 6,852 (38 per cent) admitted for targeted supplementary feeding.
In addition to those receiving treatment, 120,349 children aged 6-59 months and 50,954 PBW were provided with medium quantity lipid-based nutrient supplements to prevent malnutrition.
Partners provided 20,699 caregivers, including PBW, with a combination of group and one-on-one counselling on infant and young child feeding in emergencies.
The number of operational nutrition sites remains 281.

Protection

Partners reached at least 3,397 people with direct protection services including:
- 1,815 people through mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) services, including psychosocial support, counselling, psychological consultations, psychological first aid (PFA), self-care sessions, professional supervision and 16 hotline consultations;
- 945 people through explosive ordnance risk education and related safety awareness activities;
- 231 people through legal consultations, judicial representation, mediation interventions and legal documentation services;
- 110 people through disability-related support services;
- 96 people through case management and referral services;
- 150 people through capacity-building activities on protection principles and complaints and feedback mechanisms, targeting farmers and community committee members; and
- 34 people through protection from sexual exploitation and abuse, protection awareness, leadership and rights advocacy activities.
Protection partners also distributed hygiene kits, menstrual hygiene management kits, kitchen kits, dignity kits and tarpaulins, reaching at least 3,073 people.
The Protection Cluster offered PFA, emergency assistance and referral services to 255 returnees. Since the reopening of the Rafah border crossing, 6,462 returnees have received assistance, of whom almost 2,000 people are currently receiving protection follow-up support, including initial needs assessments and specialized psychosocial services.
Protection monitoring continued through 12 focus group discussions and 93 key informant interviews across accessible areas, covering 14 neighbourhoods and reaching 1,172 people. Monitoring findings highlighted ongoing protection concerns linked to insecurity, repeated displacement, restricted access to services and assistance, and the particular vulnerabilities faced by persons with disabilities and people with injuries.

For more information, see the online Protection Cluster dashboard.

Child Protection

Child Protection partners reached more than 11,000 children with structured MHPSS and psychosocial activities, including individual counselling, group MHPSS, PFA, storytelling, recreational activities, life-skills sessions, adolescent engagement and safe-space activities. Almost 2,300 caregivers also participated in caregiver support and psychosocial activities aimed at strengthening coping capacities and enhancing caregivers' ability to support children exposed to distress, displacement and ongoing protection risks.
At least 337 children at risk received child protection case management services, while 182 children were identified and referred to specialized services, including health care, rehabilitation, physiotherapy, speech and language therapy and other assistance. Case management activities continued to address concerns related to violence, exploitation, disability, family separation and other child protection risks through identification, assessment, individual care planning, referrals and follow-up support. Follow-up services for unaccompanied and separated children also continued across Gaza.
Community-based child protection activities reached at least 11,000 children and caregivers through awareness-raising and risk-mitigation sessions on child protection concerns, violence, family separation, abuse, neglect, exploitation, safe and unsafe touch, fire safety, online safety, hygiene-related risks, reporting pathways, complaints mechanisms and available referral services. Community focal points, caregivers, volunteers and committees also supported the identification of children at risk, safe referrals, feedback mechanisms and help-seeking pathways.
At least 927 children received cash or material assistance, including school bags, stationery, clothing, hygiene items, eyeglasses and cash support for children with disabilities and chronic illnesses, helping address immediate needs and promote children's safety and dignity.
At least 83 children with disabilities benefited from disability-inclusive child protection services, including case management, psychosocial support, awareness activities, safe-space interventions and targeted assistance.

A few examples of what is needed: Predictable, flexible and multi-month funding.

Addressing Gender-Based Violence

Between 21 and 27 September, partners addressing gender-based violence (GBV) reached at least 7,516 people across 54 service delivery points. Services included GBV case management (422 people), specialized individual MHPSS (619 people), and group MHPSS (1,204 people).
A total of 86 Women and Girls Safe Spaces (WGSSs) and two safe shelters remained operational, while another 19 WGSSs are still closed due to security concerns and funding shortages with two more at risk of closing, affecting 300 women.
Through community mobilization, awareness-raising, prevention of harmful social norms and GBV risk-mitigation activities, partners reached 4,999 people, including 3,910 females and 1,089 males.
The GBV Area of Responsibility strengthened frontline response capacity by training 148 GBV practitioners through a series of capacity-building initiatives. Key activities included a three-day training on the Inter-Agency GBV Minimum Standards for Prevention and Response in Emergencies for 28 participants in North Gaza, and a PSEA training for 30 case managers focused on GBV referrals and mandatory reporting procedures.

A few examples of what is needed: More funding, including for over 509,000 dignity kits (to meet the requirements set out in the 2026 Flash Appeal) and winter items.

Mine Action

Partners conducted 37 explosive hazard assessments in support to different UN agencies, to facilitate rubble removal.
Partners delivered in-person education sessions on explosive ordnance risks to more than 15,600 people between 17 and 24 September.
The Mine Action Area of Responsibility trained two national partners on victim tracking and referral mechanisms.

Logistics and Telecommunications Cluster (LTC)

LTC continued supporting UNDSS in the standardization of UN Very High Frequency (VHF) radio communications across Gaza, with standardization completed for six of 14 UN agencies and ongoing for six additional agencies. During the reporting period, two radios were reconfigured, contributing to improved inter-agency security communications and coordination.
LTC also continued supporting UNDSS in addressing interference affecting frequencies assigned to a UN VHF repeater in northern Gaza. Technical assessments and coordination remain ongoing to identify solutions and ensure the continuity and reliability of security communications services.
On 21 September, LTC engaged national telecommunications providers to establish a two-way information-sharing mechanism on telecommunications issues affecting humanitarian operations. LTC also supported a field visit to telecommunications facilities, including transmission sites and fuel storage infrastructure, to strengthen coordination, operational planning and the continuity of communications services.

Annex 2: Demolitions and Displacement

Az Za'ayyem Bedouins, Jerusalem: On 23 September, Israeli authorities demolished 20 residential and agricultural structures in Az Za'ayyem Bedouins, east of Jerusalem, displacing six households comprising 33 people, including 20 children, and otherwise affecting 36 people. Two households were displaced for the third time in less than a year. The demolitions also damaged water pipelines serving the wider Bedouin area and approximately 300 dunums of agricultural land. WASH partners provided emergency assistance and supported repairs to restore water supply. Az Za'ayyem Bedouins is one of 18 Bedouin and herding communities affected by the E1 settlement plan and at risk of forcible transfer. Since 2009, Israeli authorities have demolished more than 560 structures across these communities, including 175 donor-funded structures, displacing over 1,000 Palestinians, including more than 580 children, some more than once. Az Za'ayyem Bedouins accounts for 38 per cent of these demolitions, with 218 structures demolished since 2009, including 44 in 2026.

Masafer Yatta, Hebron: On 23 September, Israeli authorities demolished residential and livelihood structures in Jinba, in Masafer Yatta, including homes, animal shelters, latrines, storage facilities and solar systems, displacing eight families comprising 55 people, including 32 children, and otherwise affecting 81 people, including 38 children. The displaced families remained in the community, sheltering in caves. Jinba is one of 13 Palestinian communities within the Israeli-designated “Firing Zone 918,” whose residents face the risk of forcible transfer. On 24 September, a multi-sectoral assessment by humanitarian partners in Jinba identified priority needs. On 25 and 26 September, partners provided affected families with emergency shelter assistance, including five tents for families with no alternative shelter options, as well as WASH assistance comprising water tanks, latrine units and hygiene kits. Essential supplies, including kitchen kits, mattresses and blankets, were also distributed. Women and adolescent girls received GBV and women’s hygiene kits, while support for children included psychosocial and mental health support sessions, recreational activities and related kits. Health services were provided through a mobile clinic, including follow-up for people with chronic conditions, maternal and child health care, and psychological first aid. Following the incident, OHCHR called for an immediate halt to what it described as the widespread destruction of Palestinian villages and forcible transfer of residents in Masafer Yatta. OHCHR reported that three other villages in the area had been almost entirely demolished during September, stating that the forcible transfer of a civilian population from their land by an occupying power constitutes a war crime.

Jenin and Jerusalem: On 23 September, Israeli forces demolished 12 agricultural and livelihood structures belonging to the Aba community, affecting 11 households comprising 57 people, while in Jaba’ village (Jerusalem), Israeli authorities demolished two livelihood structures, affecting two people. Separately, on 24 September, Israeli forces sealed an apartment in Biddu village (Jerusalem), on punitive grounds, displacing a family of five, including three children. The apartment belonged to the family of a Palestinian man arrested in connection with the 20 September shooting attack in which an Israeli settler was killed.

Annex 3: Casualties and Operations by Israeli Forces

24 September: In An Nabi Salih (Ramallah), Israeli forces detained six Palestinian men from their homes and held them in one house, where they physically assaulted them, including with rifles, before releasing them about two hours later. The six men were subsequently transferred for medical treatment.

27 September: Israeli forces injured 13 Palestinians during an operation in Nablus City, mostly school students who suffered from tear gas inhalation, as well as a 17-year-old boy who was physically assaulted.

27 September: In the context of settler attacks, five Palestinian men were injured by settlers with stones or through physical assault in Khirbet Abu Falah (Ramallah) during an attack that also resulted in the burning of three vehicles and an agricultural tractor.

28 September: In Wadi Qaboun in Halhul (Hebron), five Palestinians, including two women, suffered from tear gas inhalation when Israeli forces fired tear gas towards residents who had gathered after settlers raided the area and attempted to enter a Palestinian home.

Annex 4: Settler Violence

22 July-present: A Palestinian family from Jalud (Nablus) remained displaced following recurrent settler attacks and property damage. Despite a 6 September Israeli Supreme Court order requiring authorities to facilitate the family’s return within 14 days, the deadline passed without implementation. During a coordinated return attempt on 28–29 September, more than 100 settlers attacked Palestinian properties, prompting the family’s evacuation and preventing its return. Settlers destroyed two homes and a vehicle, partially damaged another home and damaged at least three additional homes and a livestock structure. The group subsequently attacked nearby Qaryut, injuring an elderly Palestinian woman.

25 September: In Khirbet ar Ras al Ahmar (Tubas), a settler reportedly cut and removed about 150 metres of a water pipeline, disrupting water supply to some 47 households, while access restrictions prevented 10 children from reaching school. One family temporarily relocated three children to Khirbet Atuf to enable them to attend school, while seven children remained without access to in-person education.

26–27 September: Across Ramallah governorate, six settler attacks injured six Palestinians and damaged at least five homes, six vehicles, two agricultural tractors, a bus and a solar energy system. Incidents were recorded in Khirbet Abu Falah, Yabrud, Deir Abu Mash’al, Ras Karkar and East Taybeh Bedouin community, with several reportedly involving settlers from nearby newly established outposts.

22-28 September: Settlers uprooted or damaged at least 150 olive trees and 17 date palm trees in Nablus, Bethlehem and Ramallah governorates. In Um al ‘Obor in the northern Jordan Valley, settlers damaged irrigation pipelines and fenced off about 80 dunums of agricultural land containing more than 200 palm trees, restricting farmers’ access to their land and crops.

Annex 5: Case study: Loss of Agricultural Access in Beit Ula

Beit Ula, a village north-west of Hebron city with about 18,000 residents (Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics) has been affected by the establishment of a new Israeli settlement outpost on privately owned agricultural land located on the West Bank side of the Barrier. In July 2025, the outpost was established approximately 1.2 kilometres east of the Barrier's electronic fence.

According to community sources, settlers access the outpost from the “Israeli” side of the Barrier through a gate reportedly opened to facilitate their movement. Settlers have also reportedly used Palestinian agricultural roads to move between the gate, the outpost and surrounding plots. The outpost initially consisted of a single tent erected by an armed settler who reportedly used drones and all-terrain vehicles to monitor movement. Later in 2025, a caravan was installed, additional settlers arrived, and livestock was brought to the area, with community members reporting damage to nearby olive groves, crops and grazing land.

Local farmers report repeated intimidation and attacks, particularly during the 2025 olive harvest. Settlers reportedly monitored farmers with drones and called Israeli forces to the area, after which Palestinian landowners were ordered to leave. The presence of armed settlers, repeated access prevention and fear of violence have effectively prevented many families from reaching or cultivating their land.

Access to approximately 1,500 dunums of agricultural land has become severely constrained. Around half is planted with olive trees, 30 per cent is used for seasonal crops, and the remainder serves as grazing land. On 14 January 2026, the Municipality of Beit Ula was informed that the Israeli military had issued an order declaring approximately 1,300 dunums a closed military zone for one year, prohibiting Palestinian access and activities. The area largely overlaps with land affected by the outpost.

Beit Ula illustrates how settlement expansion, military orders, settler violence and Barrier-related access increasingly operate together to isolate agricultural areas and transform previously accessible land into an area effectively beyond Palestinian reach.

For key figures and additional breakdowns of casualties, displacement, and settler violence between January 2005 and August 2026, please refer to the OCHA West Bank August 2026 Snapshot. For key figures on the impact of settler attacks, please refer to the West Bank – The Impact of Settler Attacks, January 2023 – August 2026.

** Double asterisks indicate that a figure, sentence, or section has been rectified, added, or retracted after the initial publication of this update.

Humanitarian Situation Report | 2 October 2026